Hair follicles are small, tunnel-like structures in the skin from which hair grows. Each follicle contains a hair root, which is nourished by blood vessels to promote growth. These structures are essential not only for hair production, but also for regulating the hair growth cycle.

Each follicle goes through different growth phases:

Anagen (growth phase): The active period during which hair grows continuously.
Catagen (transition phase): A short phase during which the hair is detached from the bloodstream.
Telogen (resting phase): The hair stops growing and eventually falls out, making way for new hair.

The average human scalp contains around 100,000 hair follicles. However, this number can vary depending on genetics, ethnic origin and age. People with naturally thicker hair tend to have fewer follicles but thicker strands, while those with finer hair may have more follicles but thinner strands.

Several factors influence the health and function of hair follicles:

Genetics: This determines hair density and texture, as well as the risk of hair loss.
Hormones: High levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) can reduce follicles and lead to baldness.
Diet and nutrition: Deficiencies in biotin, iron, zinc and protein can weaken follicles.
Scalp conditions: Dandruff, psoriasis or infections can damage follicles and slow their growth.
Lifestyle factors: Stress, lack of sleep and smoking can restrict blood flow to the follicles, affecting hair health.

If the hair follicles are dormant, they can sometimes be reactivated by treatments such as minoxidil, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy or laser therapy. However, if the follicles are completely dead and scarred, regrowth is unlikely and a hair transplant may be the only effective solution.

Keeping hair follicles healthy is essential for stronger, thicker hair. Here are some effective ways to promote healthy follicles:

Scalp massage: Improves blood circulation and delivers nutrients to hair roots.
Proper hair care: Use gentle shampoos and avoid excessive heat or harsh chemicals.
Balanced diet: Make sure you get enough vitamins A, C, D, E and omega-3 fatty acids.
Reduce stress: High levels of stress can trigger telogen effluvium and lead to hair loss.
Medical treatments: Consult a dermatologist for treatments such as DHT blockers, PRP therapy or microneedling if your hair is thinning.